Factoring refers to the process of selling your accounts receivable invoices to a third party who then performs the function of collecting the invoice. Called factors, these agents can move quickly to get funds to a business for a fee as a means of providing financing for growth. Most factors initially pay you in two stages; the majority (70 to 90%) up front on the initial advance and the balance when the invoice is collected, through the reserve release. Factoring fees range from 2% to 5% or higher depending upon a number of variables (see factoring fees).
Cash flow is king in a business!
80% of business failures can be attributed directly to a lack of cash flow and/or working capital. A business may be growing leaps and bounds, but if monthly sales invoiced do not produce cash on time to pay wages or creditors, it may still fail from being cash starved.
Factoring allows a business to sell invoices to a third party, a factor, at a discount in return for cash advanced before the invoice comes due. In addition to the benefit of having cash on hand sooner to support operational expenses and growth, factoring does not usually tie up assets outside the business, does not involve the repayment of debt at some future point in time or if called on a certain date, and frees up internal resources normally devoted to tracking and collecting Accounts Receivables.
Factoring can be an attractive tool for many businesses but may be most appropriate for rapidly expanding operations. For example, it takes time to get an increase in a traditional bank line of credit. However, time is usually of the essence when a large order is received and requires additional financing for raw materials. Other less routine situations include; management buy-outs, acquisitions and restructures, turnarounds and delinquent tax situations. Business start-ups that have sufficient accounts receivable volumes and sales turnover levels will also find factoring a valuable financing tool.
While there is a cost to your business when you factor, this cost, or a portion of it, should be built into the cost of sales and/or be justified in terms of the value that the advanced cash on hand represents to your operation. Often businesses are able to increase prices or take advantage of supplier discounts and benefit from the enhanced purchasing power the additional capital provides them. In general, the following variables determine factoring fees:
Any Factoring company that quotes you a rate without knowing all the particulars of your business is doing you a disservice and wasting your time. There are details that will not only determine the best factoring rate but also the services required to ensure its success. If factoring does not solve the problems it was intended then the expense would be much higher than anticipated.
Factoring fees do not vary much from factor to factor but they are often presented in radically different ways. They can be stated as; a one time off the top discount fee, a daily discount rate or even as a fee with a rebate. Clarity and track ability are important issues to consider. The end result should be a discount off the invoice similar to the merchant fees that credit card companies charge to their retail establishments.
Some innovative factoring companies have developed Asset Based Lines of Credit that incorporate the best of factoring (full accounts receivable management) and a line of credit (low rates charged only on the money borrowed). Qualifications would typically be higher. Fees are split between a Collateral Management fee and an interest rate on the monies borrowed.
There are many different types and sizes of businesses that find factoring a beneficial cash flow management tool. The key factor is to weigh the cost against the benefit of having the cash on hand sooner rather than later.
The following characteristics are viewed when a business is evaluated as a factoring client:
Factoring can be a valuable alternative for securing vital working capital, when a bank may be unable to provide financing due to some of the following situations:
Banks operate with tighter credit parameters due to the fact that they are operating with depositors funds or borrowed funds from the Federal Reserve. It is this fact that requires them to be more conservative with their lending practices.
Relatively new businesses often require a high degree of funding flexibility where credit history is limited yet the promise of substantial growth requires substantial cash flows. Factoring can often be the ideal solution under the following common new business challenges.
| Common New Business Challenges | Solutions | Where to Get Help |
| Can't get a credit line | Factoring offers a means for securing cash advances against outstanding invoices without tying up personal assets or giving away any ownership or equity position. | Learn More or Call 1-800-757-5895 |
| Limited capital to fund operations and marketing. | ||
| Large order requires additional funding | ||
| Seek investment capital without giving up ownership/equity | ||
| Need to understand financing alternatives | ||
| Limited resources to properly manage accounts receivable | ||
| Vendor credit is not available for funding growth |
Collecting money due from customers may be one of the most critical aspects of ensuring cash flow to support growth. As a small business, it can be profitable to rely on a factoring agent to perform this role in a professional and timely manner helping you to overcome the following common business challenges.
| Common Accounts Receivable Challenges | Solutions | Where to Get Help |
| Afraid to ask customers for money | Factors provide valuable services to validate customer creditworthiness such as credit analysis, credit guarantees and collection management to ensure that you're paid in advance and that your customers are satisfied. | Learn More or Call 1-800-757-5895 |
| Limited time and skills for developing a professional and consistent collection process | ||
| Don't have the staff to handle collections | ||
| Need to eliminate bad debt accounts | ||
| Desire quick and accurate account reporting | ||
| Need to access cash faster | ||
| Desire to improve credit rating | ||
| Want to eliminate COD Deliveries | ||
| Conflict between selling and collecting demands |
More businesses fail through lack of cash flow than for any other single reason. Below are areas where having a lack of cash flow can seriously compromise the success of a business and how factoring can help:
| Common Cash Flow Challenges | Solutions | Where to Get Help |
| Taking advantage of vendor discounts | Factors advance cash to you against invoices at the time you have shipped the goods or completed the services so that you can fund purchases, payroll, seasonal expenses and other operational expenses. | Learn More or Call 1-800-757-5895 |
| Not risking the loss of vendor credit lines | ||
| Ensuring payroll is covered | ||
| Improving control over accounts receivable cycles | ||
| Avoiding morale problems when cash is tight | ||
| Miss short-term opportunities | ||
| Need vendors to be more responsive | ||
| Must reduce Days Sales Outstanding (DSO) |
Compare your company's cash flow potential with factoring or account receivable financing versus without. Select a calculation tool below by type of industry:
Purchase Order Financing is used when a business does not have sufficient capital to produce an order. This situation can be common for start-up manufacturers or when a large order is received. There are two types of financing solutions that a factor can provide in these situations:
There are a broad range of challenges faced by many small business owners when dealing with growth that a factoring relationship can productively assist with:
| Common Growth Challenges | Solutions | Where to Get Help |
| The more sales you make, the more money others owe you, and the more you need to quickly collect to fund more sales | Through factoring , cash against existing receivables can be made readily available to fund marketing, purchase technology, expand market share, improve vendor confidence and support other working capital needs. | Learn More or Call 1-800-757-5895 |
| Increased marketing costs to support sales momentum | ||
| Need to secure larger vendor credit lines | ||
| New technology requirements for better efficiency | ||
| How to fund growth without giving up equity | ||
| Opportunity to expand globally | ||
| Narrow window of new sales opportunity | ||
| Limited credit line availability or capacity |
When your company's sales volume, operating performance and balance sheet are strong, your business may qualify for a highly competitive factoring program pricing structure. This program is comparable to major bank-owned factoring programs and may also help to position your business for a bank line of credit.
Understanding and managing cash flow is the key to success in any business. Request a Free Cash Flow Guide to learn more..
Understanding the language of factoring can help you to conclude when to use this powerful form of financing for your business growth and who to partner with to implement it. View Factoring Glossary.
Factoring can be a powerful financing tool
Establishing a new factoring relationship typically involves 5 to 7 business days whereby you will work with a Business Development Officer (BDO) at the factoring organization in submitting an application and financial information along with invoices to be factored. Upon acceptance, a Security Agreement is signed, a UCC-1 is filed as the appropriate collateral, the customer(s) is notified that invoice collection will be direct to the factor and you will receive the discounted advanced cash.
As an ongoing client, invoices are submitted using a signed Schedule of Accounts, customer credit is verified accordingly and the cash advance is made.
To begin establishing your own factoring relationship, consider the following options:
"The Commercial Finance Group (CFG) provides working capital financing for small to medium sized businesses and specializes in assisting companies that are unable to qualify for adequate bank financing. By providing credit approval on orders, administering invoices and lock boxing payments, CFG has the flexibility to finance businesses that are undercapitalized, or in a start-up or turn-around situation."